BRUSSELS — European Union international and protection ministers agreed on Monday to spend as much as 2 billion euros, or $2.14 billion, to provide Ukraine with badly wanted artillery shells, replenish their very own nationwide shares and ramp up Europe’s ammunition manufacturing.

As is typical for the bloc and its 27 member states, the small print of the settlement should nonetheless be labored out and questions stay in regards to the velocity of the response, an important matter as Ukraine prepares for a spring counteroffensive.

However the settlement however marks one other step for the European Union in working collectively for Ukraine, and in an space — protection — that member nations largely maintain as a nationwide precedence.

Josep Borrell Fontelles, the bloc’s international coverage chief, hailed the settlement. “We’re taking a key step towards delivering on our guarantees to supply Ukraine with extra artillery ammunition,” he mentioned on Twitter.

On Monday, 17 member states, plus Norway, additionally agreed to work with a Brussels establishment, the European Protection Company, on joint ammunition procurement, particularly for the 155-millimeter artillery rounds Ukraine badly wants.

Germany’s protection minister, Boris Pistorius, mentioned that Germany would additionally let different nations take part its contracts with German protection producers since velocity was of the essence. “Our aim must be to ship a major quantity of munitions to Ukraine earlier than the top of this 12 months,” he mentioned.

His Estonian counterpart, Hanno Pevkur, mentioned, “There are lots of, many particulars nonetheless to resolve, however for me, it’s most essential that we conclude these negotiations, and it reveals me one factor: If there’s a will, there’s a approach.”

However even some of the forceful advocates for serving to Ukraine, International Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis of Lithuania, has admitted that the goal of 1 million rounds this 12 months, initially proposed by Prime Minister Kaja Kallas of Estonia, was aspirational. “It’s doable that we’d not be capable to attain it,” he mentioned.

With Ukraine utilizing up artillery shells quicker than the West can produce them, the Europeans are pushing forward with a three-part program.

The primary half, which is most pressing, includes urgent member states to ship artillery shells from their very own dwindling shares to Ukraine, utilizing €1 billion to reimburse them.

It stays unclear what number of shells can be found in E.U. stockpiles, since some member states have refused to reveal their holdings, partly for safety causes. And nations have been eager to protect a few of their very own shares in case the struggle all of a sudden escalates.

The brand new European cash is supposed to extend their willingness to half with these shells.

Kyiv’s major want is for 155-millimeter shells for use in Western weapons. Ukraine says it needs 350,000 shells a month however arms producers within the European Union can produce a complete of solely about 650,000 rounds of all sorts a 12 months.

That’s the reason the second a part of the plan includes one other €1 billion for arms producers to speed up the manufacturing of shells, each to replenish E.U. shares and supply extra for Ukraine. However that gained’t be simple or fast: New contracts should be drawn up and signed, the now-rare uncooked supplies to make explosives should be sourced and factories should be constructed.

Officers in Brussels wish to begin ordering ammunition collectively as a result of they imagine that bigger orders are extra enticing to producers and might deliver costs down. The European Fee president, Ursula von der Leyen, and others have cited the instance of Brussels shopping for Covid-19 vaccines in bulk.

Some nations, nevertheless, don’t wish to hand over that form of energy on protection points to Brussels or imagine that coalitions of member states with lengthy expertise in army contracts could be extra environment friendly than the fee, which has not negotiated such contracts earlier than.

There are cut up views, too, on what to purchase: Some nations wish to buy solely European-made ammunition, whereas others assume that the necessity for velocity ought to dictate shopping for off-the-shelf from wherever shares could be discovered.

The third a part of the plan is longer-term and facilities on boosting Europe’s protection trade, however that might require billions extra and stays obscure.

So for now the quick aim is to supply Ukraine with one other a million 155-millimeter shells this 12 months and signal new procurement contracts by the top of Could, Mr. Borrell mentioned.

Because the begin of the struggle 13 months in the past, Brussels has spent €450 million to reimburse members for supplying 350,000 shells to Ukraine.