A 12 months after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the conflict is deepening the division among the many world’s main economies, threatening fragile recoveries by disrupting meals and vitality provide chains and distracting from plans to fight poverty and restructure debt in poor international locations.

These fissures had been evident this previous week as prime financial policymakers from the Group of 20 nations gathered for 2 days at a resort in Bengaluru, a metropolis in southern India, the place efforts to show unity had been overshadowed by flaring tensions over Russia. Throughout the summit, Western nations imposed a barrage of latest sanctions on Moscow and unveiled extra financial help for Ukraine, whereas creating international locations like India, which have been reaping the advantages of low-cost Russian oil, resisted expressing criticism.

The differing views left officers struggling to cobble collectively the normal joint assertion, or communiqué, on Saturday, forcing senior representatives from the Group of seven nations, the world’s most superior economies, to attempt to persuade reluctant counterparts that defending Ukraine was price the price.

“Ukraine is combating not just for their nation, however for the preservation of democracy and peaceable circumstances in Europe,” Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen mentioned on Saturday in an interview, explaining the case that she had made to the extra reluctant international locations. “It’s an assault on democracy and on territorial integrity that ought to concern all of us,” she added.

The summit befell at a pivotal second for the worldwide economic system. The Worldwide Financial Fund final month upgraded its world output projections however warned that Russia’s conflict in Ukraine continued to forged a cloud of uncertainty. The fund additionally famous that rising “fragmentation” on this planet might be a drag on progress sooner or later.

Ms. Yellen was among the many most forceful critics of Russia in the course of the two-day assembly. At one level, she straight confronted senior Russian officers in a personal session and known as them “complicit” within the Kremlin’s atrocities.

The grappling over the way to characterize Russia’s actions led Bruno Le Maire, the French finance minister, to publicly vent his frustration with some international locations that might not assail Russia in writing. He famous that when the leaders of the Group of 20 nations met in November, in Bali, Indonesia, their assertion had asserted that almost all members strongly condemned the conflict, and he mentioned on Friday that he was against watering down that sentiment.

“I wish to make it very clear that we are going to oppose any step again from the assertion of the leaders in Bali on this query of the conflict in Ukraine,” Mr. Le Maire, who declined to call the holdouts, mentioned at a information convention. “We strongly condemn this unlawful and brutal assault towards Ukraine.”

India’s shut financial ties with Russia have made its position because the host of the Group of 20 this 12 months particularly difficult. Moscow is a serious provider of vitality and army gear to India, whereas america is India’s largest buying and selling associate.

To stay impartial, India has tried to keep away from describing the battle as a “conflict” and as an alternative centered on different points. In a gap deal with to the summit, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid out the threats dealing with the worldwide economic system, however he made no point out of Russia, pointing as an alternative to “rising geopolitical tensions in lots of components of the world.”

A number of the resistance to condemning Russia is due to concern about america’ use of its financial may to isolate a member of the Group of 20.

“The truth that the U.S. clearly has a lot energy to take motion towards a geopolitical rival is a big concern,” mentioned Eswar Prasad, a commerce coverage professor at Cornell College who speaks to each American and Indian officers. “There’s clearly been a splintering of the G20.”

Mr. Prasad added that the aggressive use of sanctions by america had raised nervousness amongst different nations — even when they disagreed with Russia’s actions — that they might sometime be uncovered to Washington’s wrath.

That use of financial warfare was on show on Friday, when america imposed sanctions on greater than 200 people and entities in Russia and different international locations which are serving to to financially help Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine. Sanctions had been additionally positioned on Russia’s metals and mining sector and on vitality corporations.

The conflict in Ukraine was not the one matter this previous week that consumed finance ministers in India.

The USA and Europe continued to hash out variations over American subsidies for electrical automobiles that European international locations consider will hurt their economies. A world tax settlement that was struck in 2021 continues to flounder, elevating the prospect that it may unravel. And talks over restructuring debt burdens dealing with poor international locations to keep away from a cascade of defaults did not bear fruit, largely due to resistance from China.

“There hasn’t been a big change that I see,” mentioned Ms. Yellen, who expressed frustration at China’s position as a roadblock this previous week.

However it’s the conflict in Ukraine that has left the world’s financial leaders most divided. In lots of circumstances, resistance to supporting Ukraine and confronting Russia is the results of difficult home politics in lots of international locations, and america is not any exception.

A rising variety of Republicans, together with former President Donald J. Trump, have been arguing in current weeks that america can not afford to endlessly help Kyiv. They contend that at a time when america is burdened by document ranges of debt and a weakening economic system, that cash could be higher spent on home issues.

Previously 12 months, america has directed greater than $100 billion {dollars} of humanitarian, monetary and army assist to Ukraine. The Congressional Funds Workplace projected final week that america was on monitor so as to add practically $19 trillion to its nationwide debt over the subsequent decade, $3 trillion greater than beforehand forecast.

For the Biden administration, scaling again assist to Ukraine doesn’t seem like an possibility.

Within the interview, Ms. Yellen argued that america can afford to bear the prices and that supporting Ukraine was a precedence for nationwide safety and financial causes.

“The conflict is having an antagonistic impact on all the world economic system,” Ms. Yellen mentioned, “and offering the help that’s mandatory for Ukraine to win this and convey it to an finish is definitely one thing that we actually can’t afford to not do.”