The Nationwide Transportation Security Board mentioned it has not decided precisely how shut a FedEx cargo aircraft handed excessive of a Southwest Airways jet final month in Austin, Texas, however there was little margin.

“We nonetheless imagine the planes have been inside 100 ft of one another,” NTSB Chair Jennifer Homendy mentioned in an interview.

An air visitors controller had cleared each planes to make use of the identical runway, the NTSB mentioned in a preliminary report. With visibility right down to a quarter-mile due to freezing fog, the FedEx pilots didn’t see the Southwest jet till the final seconds.

The NTSB can also be investigating an incident Monday evening at Boston’s Logan Worldwide Airport wherein a Learjet pilot who was advised by an air visitors controller to attend as an alternative started to take off as a JetBlue aircraft approached to land on an intersecting runway. The JetBlue pilots pulled up, avoiding a collision.

These and related incidents in New York, California and Hawaii led the pinnacle of the Federal Aviation Administration to name for a “security summit” and ignited a debate about whether or not air security is declining or the occasions are simply an uncommon cluster of great shut calls.

“I don’t know that I can say that it’s a development, however these are disturbing as a result of it simply takes one,” Homendy mentioned. “That’s the reason we examine incidents — in order that we are able to establish issues, particularly after we see traits, and deal with them earlier than they develop into a full-blown accident.”

Among the many different latest incidents now being investigated:

— Final week pilots of a small airliner aborted their touchdown in Burbank, California, after a controller cleared one other aircraft to take off from the identical runway; the NTSB is investigating.

— A United Airways jet crossed a runway at Honolulu Worldwide Airport in entrance of a Cessna cargo aircraft that was touchdown on the identical runway on Jan. 23.

— The NTSB took the uncommon step of issuing subpoenas for pilots of an American Airways aircraft that crossed a runway {that a} Delta Air Strains jet was utilizing to take off Jan. 13 at New York’s John F. Kennedy Worldwide Airport. The American pilots initially refused to take a seat for recorded interviews, however they complied after getting subpoenas, Homendy mentioned.

— Federal officers are taking one other take a look at an incident wherein a United Airways jet taking off from Hawaii dove to inside 800 ft of the ocean earlier than recovering. United says pilots of the December flight are getting extra coaching.

Apart from the United aircraft that descended sharply after takeoff, the opposite incidents have been “runway incursions” wherein a aircraft wound up on a runway when it was not speculated to be there. A 2017 discussion board convened by the NTSB discovered that the commonest causes of runway incursions have been pilots ignoring orders from air visitors controllers, or miscommunication between pilots and controllers.

“Runway incursions have all the time been an space of concern, nevertheless it appears to be like worse as a result of the system is so protected,” mentioned John Hansman, an aeronautics professor on the Massachusetts Institute of Know-how. “We luckily don’t have many accidents, so we give attention to these threat precursors.”

Pilots are the final line of protection in aviation security. In a number of the latest incidents — notably the one in Austin — pilots noticed one thing mistaken and reacted rapidly.

The incidents could put an finish to any risk of easing expertise necessities for newly employed pilots, which is one thing that smaller, regional airways have requested to assist them deal with a pilot scarcity. President Joe Biden’s nominee for the highest job on the FAA, Phillip Washington, mentioned Wednesday that he opposes easing the pilot-qualification requirements.

The shut calls may additionally result in calls for for improved know-how at airports and on board planes. Kennedy airport has ground-surveillance radar designed to stop runway incursions. It alerted controllers that the American Airways aircraft was crossing an energetic runway. Solely 35 U.S. airports have that know-how.

Investigators received’t be capable to hear what pilots have been doing earlier than a lot of the latest incidents as a result of the cockpit voice recordings have been erased after two hours of flying. Since 2018, the NTSB has requested FAA to require 25 hours of recording functionality, which might enhance the percentages of saving invaluable info.

In addition to the shut calls, there have additionally been a number of latest incidents involving extreme turbulence inflicting accidents on planes. In the latest case, a Lufthansa aircraft flying from Austin to Germany diverted to Washington Dulles Worldwide Airport on Wednesday evening; seven folks on board have been harm badly sufficient to go to hospitals. The FAA mentioned it’s investigating.

The shut calls have attracted the eye of lawmakers, who questioned the performing FAA administrator about them. The official, Billy Nolen, defended the security of the nation’s air-travel system final month whereas acknowledging the necessity for vigilance.

“We’re experiencing the most secure interval in aviation historical past, however we don’t take that without any consideration,” Nolen advised a Senate committee. “Current occasions remind us that we can’t develop into complacent.”

Nolen, like executives of the airline trade, level out that there has not been a deadly crash involving a U.S. airline aircraft since 2009, an unprecedented stretch.

Nonetheless, he mentioned on the listening to and in an inner memo, he was forming a “security evaluate workforce” to look at the aviation system, beginning with a gathering in March “to look at what extra actions the aviation group must take to keep up our security report.” Nolen mentioned aviation leaders will look into which steps are working “and why others seem like not as efficient as they as soon as have been.”

The FAA mentioned Thursday that the summit will likely be March 15 and embrace representatives from industrial aviation, airports, labor and aviation consultants.

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